• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    The slat structure comprises a plurality of horizontal slats (100) placed one above the other. The slats (100) have one or more slats (120a, 120b) of vertical fiber direction to limit setting of the slat structure (200) and at least one slat (110a, 110b) with horizontal fiber direction on either side of one or more slats (120a, 120b) ) with vertical fiber direction. The slats (100) are fixed to each other by first screws (210), which together with the slats (120a, 120b) with vertical fiber direction are arranged to support the slats structure (200). In addition to the lamellar structure (200), a method of forming a lamellar structure (200) and the use of screws for securing the lamellar blocks (100) to each other in the lamellar structure (200) are also presented.
    公开号:FI20185329A1
    申请号:FI20185329
    申请日:2018-04-09
    公开日:2019-10-10
    发明作者:Jukka Rintamäki
    申请人:Honkarakenne Oyj；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    LAMEL LOG STRUCTURE, METHOD AND USE
    ENGINEERING
    The invention relates to a lamella log structure, such as a lamella log wall, and to a construction utilizing lamella logs.
    BACKGROUND
    Lamellar log is a solid log made of several lamellas, which is widely used in log construction. Assembling the lamella logs into a lamella log structure, such as a lamella log wall, typically requires the use of one or more support structures to provide sufficient structural stability to support the plurality of overlapping lamella logs. Such support structures include various wooden pins, metal pipes, and metal clamping bolts, all of which may be used to support a single lamella log structure. When the capacity of the pins 20 alone is not sufficient, steel pipes must be used. Typically, one or more support structures, such as a metal pipe, must be transported vertically through the entire lamella log structure to provide sufficient strength to the lamella logs.
    The use of multiple support structures makes the lamella log structure complex, which directly affects the materials used as well as the time required for installation and fabrication and the likelihood of errors in these.
    OBJECT OF THE INVENTION
    The object of the invention is to eliminate or alleviate at least some of the above-mentioned drawbacks.
    In particular, it is intended to present a lamelli35 log structure in the installation of which pins, support pipes and
    20185329 prh 09 -04- 2018 tightening bolts can be omitted and still provide sufficient stability for the lamella log structure.
    SUMMARY
    The invention utilizes lamella logs with both vertical and horizontal lamellae. The lamella log can be angular or square lamella log. By horizontal lamella is meant here a lamella, i.e. a wood board, in which the causes of the wood are substantially horizontal when the lamella log is horizontal. In particular, the reasons may be in the longitudinal direction of the lamella log, which is also the longitudinal direction of the raw wood. By vertical lamella is meant correspondingly a lamella in which the wood grains 15 are substantially vertical when the lamella log is horizontal. The vertical lamella can be obtained by fixing several vertical pieces of wood in parallel, for example by gluing them directly to each other. This allows the vertical lamella 20 to be of horizontal length with the length of the raw wood being significantly greater than the width. The structural components of logs, and in particular lamella logs, are defined, for example, in the standard SFS 5973. The advantage of lamella logs, for example compared to mas25 planed logs, is the possibility of getting the timber very dry and of uniform quality. This in turn reduces the deformation of the final structure due to moisture, i.e. changes in the width and height of the structure. Cracking and sagging of the structure can also be reduced. Through gluing, the structure can also be made substantially untwisted and untwisted.
    The lamella log structure according to the invention can be, for example, a lamella log wall. The height of the lamella log structure 35 can be more than 1 meter, for example a room height, i.e. at least 2 meters or more precisely at least 2.4 meters. The height of the lamellar log structure can be
    20185329 prh 09 -04- 2018 also at least the floor height, ie 3 meters or more. Thus, in addition to the wall height, its height may also comprise the height of the lower and / or upper floor structures. Lamellar logs can be pressed together with, for example, 5 mallets.
    In the solution according to the invention, the lamella log structure is formed by stacking lamella logs comprising one or more vertical lamellae. When the vertical lamellae 10 are superimposed in this way, they form a vertical bearing line, which may be substantially in the center line of the lamella logs. In addition, the structure is also substantially uncompressed compared to, for example, a structure with only horizontal logs, since the shrinkage that occurs when the wood dries is significantly less in the vertical direction than in other directions. The lamella logs themselves are horizontal in structure, i.e. their longitudinal direction is substantially horizontal. The lamella logs comprise at least two horizontal lamellae, one of which is arranged in the transverse direction of the lamella log on one side of the vertical lamella and the other on the other side. One or both of the horizontal lamellae may form the lateral outer surface of the lamel25, for example, so that the heartwood of the horizontal lamella opens outwards. This can improve the surface durability of the structure.
    The lamella log is obtained by attaching two or more individual lamellae to each other. A single lamella log typically has at least two layers of lamellae in the horizontal direction, but there may also be more than one layer in the vertical direction. The lamellae can be attached to each other by gluing, as a result of which the distortion and / or cracking of the logs can be reduced. When the horizontal and vertical lamellae are glued together to the lamella log, a cross-glued lamella log is obtained. The advantage of the structure is
    20185329 prh 09 -04- 2018 slight depression or substantially non-depression, which facilitates obtaining the desired result. As a natural material, wood also forms after installation, and the slight depression in the vertical direction essential to the structure affects in many ways not only the design of the lamella log structure and the special fasteners required during the installation phase, but also the resulting structure and its tightness. The non-depressing nature of the lamella logs is important so that other materials can be joined directly without sliding fastenings. However, the non-deflection of the lamella logs alone may not be enough, but it is also important to make the joint between the lamella logs uncompressed.
    In the solution according to the invention, it has been found that a lamella log structure suitable for construction use, such as building construction, can be obtained by fastening the overlapping lamellar logs together with first screws arranged together with the vertical lamellae to support the entire lamella log structure. The first screws are thus load-bearing screws, which are further arranged to tie the overlapping lamella logs together. The load-bearing screws and the vertical lamellae can be adapted together to produce sufficient load-bearing forces in different directions of the lamella log structure when there are several overlapping lamella logs. Unlike lamellar log structures used in the industry for years, separate load-bearing support structures such as wooden pins, metal pipes or clamping bolts are not required. The lamellar log structure according to the invention can thus be said to enable screw tapping. The load-bearing screws and the load-bearing line formed by the vertical lamellae can be adapted so that the load-bearing capacity of the lamella log structure exceeds a threshold value. The load-bearing screws 35 fasten the lamella logs to each other in pairs, the length of the single screw being less than the height of the two overlapping lamella logs. Kan5
    20185329 prh 09 -04- 2018 screws can also receive the bending moment of the lamella log structure and / or the shear forces occurring in the longitudinal direction of the lamella log. The support screw on one side of the vertical lamella can receive compression and on the other, opposite side the tension.
    In one embodiment, the load-bearing screws are arranged to fasten to each other said at least one horizontal lamellae of the overlapping lamella logs on both sides of one or more vertical lamellae. The lamella logs are thus fastened on top of each other so that said horizontal lamellae, which are aligned with the upper and lower lamella logs, are fastened to each other by load-bearing screws. The placement of the load-bearing screws in the horizontal lamellae forms a vertical load-bearing line on the lamella log structure on each side of the overlapping vertical lamellae. There are then at least three vertical load-bearing lines in the transverse direction of the log structure: one line consisting of vertical lamellae and two lines consisting of load-bearing screws. In particular, this can improve the buckling capacity of the lamellar log structure. The load-bearing lines can be adapted so that the buckling capacity of the la25 log structure exceeds a threshold value.
    In one embodiment, the horizontal lamellae have one or more tongues and the bearing screws are arranged on or adjacent to the inner edge of the tongue. The tongue can be a male tongue or a female tongue. Placing the load-bearing screw next to the tongue makes it possible to hide the screw inside the structure as far as possible from the load-bearing line formed by the vertical lamellae, which can improve the buckling capacity. Attaching the screw to the inner edge of the tongue can help facilitate fabrication and / or installation.
    20185329 prh 09 -04- 2018
    In one embodiment, the support screws are full thread screws. This can improve the load-bearing capacity of the lamellar log structure, which in turn makes it possible to form log structures 5 that reach room height, for example. In one embodiment, the support screws on opposite sides of said one or more vertical lamellae are arranged in pairs on the same substantially transverse line 10 of the lamella log. This not only allows the load on the lamella log structure to be evenly distributed but also facilitates and speeds up the installation and can also reduce errors during installation. The screws may also be pre-drilled recesses with a single drill unit comprising two or more blades according to the number of screws to be installed and wherein the drill unit is guided to the lamella log so that the blades drill into the lamella log simultaneously forming said recesses at one time. In the longitudinal direction of the lamella log 20, there may be several pairs described above and they may be, for example, substantially evenly spaced. The support screws in one pair may be substantially equidistant from the vertical lamella and / or the center line of the lamella log. In one embodiment, said vertical lamellae of the overlapping lamella logs are clamped together by other screws arranged on said line or at a distance of not more than 50 centimeters from the nearest said line in the longitudinal direction of the lamella log. The other screws are therefore tightening screws. By placing the tightening screws in line with the load-bearing screws, the alignment of the overlapping lamella logs can be improved at the load-bearing screws and a tight lamella log structure can be obtained at these points. On the other hand, this enhances and speeds up the formation of the lamella log structure, since the same drilling unit and drilling operation can then
    20185329 prh 09 -04- 2018 make recesses for all screws in line. Thus, one drilling unit may comprise three or more blades according to the number of screws to be installed and may be guided into the lamella log so that the blades engage the lamella log simultaneously, forming said recesses at one time.
    In one embodiment, the load-bearing screws are arranged in the longitudinal direction of the lamella logs at 60-300 cm intervals. This has been found to bring good load-bearing capacity to the lamella log structure in many cases. The load-bearing capacity can be further improved by arranging the load-bearing screws at intervals of, for example, 60 to 90 cm. The support screws may also be substantially evenly spaced. In one embodiment, the load-bearing screws are arranged in the longitudinal direction of the lamella logs in one or more groups of 2-6 screws. This can further significantly improve the buckling capacity of the lamellar log structure and it has been found that already a group of 2-3 screws 20 can provide a significant benefit. The above-mentioned tightening screws can be arranged inside the groups or, for example, up to 50 cm outside the groups in the longitudinal direction of the lamella log. It has been found that in many cases 25 one piece of tightening screws per group is sufficient. In one group, the distance between successive support screws may preferably be at least 7 times the diameter of one support screw, which may be, for example, about 8 millimeters plus / minus 0-2 millimeters. The mutual distance of the successive screw groups 30 in the longitudinal direction of the lamella logs can be, for example, 60-300 centimeters, measured from the center of the screw groups. The groups may also be substantially evenly spaced. The groups also make it possible to increase the buckling capacity of the lamella log structure locally. For example, a lamellar log structure may comprise one or more groups of support screws positioned locally to improve
    20185329 prh 09 -04- 2018 buckling capacity of a lamellar log structure. Thus, the lamella log structure may comprise, in the longitudinal direction of the lamella log, both individual support screws and groups of several support screws.
    In one embodiment, said one or more vertical lamellae of the overlapping lamella logs are tightened together by other screws. The other screws are thus tightening screws, as also mentioned above. This makes it possible to bring the overlapping vertical lamellae tightly together, whereby the deflection gap, such as installation clearances, in the vertical direction of the lamellar log structure is substantially reduced or even substantially eliminated. On the other hand, the tightening screws prevent the load-bearing screws from leaving when the upper lamella log is lifted off the lower one. This can be especially important when the load-bearing screws are full-threaded screws that do not inherently tighten the joint. The tightening screws tighten the lamella logs to each other in pairs, so that the length of the 20 individual screws is less than the height of the two overlapping lamella logs. Tightening screws may not be needed as often as load-bearing screws. It has been found that in many cases it is sufficient to tighten the screw at a distance of no more than 50-100 centimeters for each load-bearing screw or group of load-bearing screws. In certain cases, the distance can be up to 150 centimeters. In particular, it should be noted that for a group of load-bearing screws, it may be sufficient for one tightening screw to be at the above-mentioned distances even from one of the edges of the group. The tightening screws can be adapted to remove the clearance, i.e. the empty space between the lamella logs. Clearance can occur when installing slatted logs, for example if the slatted logs are not installed completely to the bottom. 35 Clearance can also occur if the slatted log is curved longitudinally. In the solution according to the invention, the clearance can be removed or its removal
    20185329 prh 09 -04- 2018 secures with tightening screws, in which case a separate tightening bolt is not required. The tightening screws can be adapted to tie the overlapping lamella logs together, in which case no other structures are necessarily required. Tightening screws alone can produce the required binding effect, so that even the load-bearing screws do not have to produce a binding effect.
    In one embodiment, said second screws are partial thread screws. This contributes to the effect of tightening10. The partial thread screws can be fastened so that the threaded part of the screw sinks completely below the overlapping lamella logs.
    In one embodiment, the tightening screws are arranged in the longitudinal direction of the lamella logs at 60-300 cm intervals. Because tightening screws may not be needed as densely as load-bearing ones, the distance between them may be less, such as 150-200 centimeters or 150-300 centimeters. The tightening screws 20 may be positioned relative to the support screws or groups of support screws, as mentioned above. The tightening screws may also be substantially evenly spaced.
    In one embodiment, the lamella logs consist of three or more lamellae in the transverse direction, with the horizontal lamellae at the outermost and the vertical lamellae in the middle. This allows for an advantageous structure in which the durable, uniform horizontal lamellae rest on the outer surfaces of the lamel30 and the vertical lamella forms a bearing line in the middle. Either or both of the horizontal lamellae on the outer surface of the lamella log may be arranged so that their heartwood opens outwards. This can improve the durability of the outer surface 35.
    In one embodiment, the lamella logs consist vertically of two or more lamellae
    20185329 prh 09 -04- 2018 list. This makes the lamella logs massive also in the height direction, even in the case typical of lamella logs, where the size of the raw material is limited, for example to a height of less than 20 cm.
    In one embodiment, the lamella logs have pre-drilled recesses for screws. This can not only speed up and increase the efficiency of the installation, but also ensure that the lamella log structure is assembled correctly and the screws come to the appropriate places to ensure sufficient load-bearing capacity and / or tightening effect. The recesses can be adapted to support and / or tightening screws. The recesses may be wider than the diameter of the screws, but also wider than the base of the screws. In a lamellar log with more than one layer vertically, the recesses can be confined to the uppermost layer, whereby the screw embedded in the recess also supports the gluing between the layers. The recesses can be substantially the same size for both the load-bearing and tightening screws.
    The solution according to the invention also relates to a method for forming a lamellar log structure. In the method, horizontal lamella logs are superimposed, in which one or more vertical lamellae are arranged to limit the depression25 of the lamella log structure, and at least one horizontal lamella on both sides of one or more vertical lamellae. The lamella logs are fastened to each other with first screws which, together with the vertical lamellae, are adapted to support the lamella log structure. The first screws are therefore load-bearing screws. With load-bearing screws, the lamella logs can be fastened together in pairs, whereby the length of the load-bearing screw is less than the height of two overlapping lamella logs. Said one or more vertical lamellae of the overlapping lamellar logs can also be tightened together with other screws, which are thus tightening screws.
    20185329 prh 09 -04- 2018
    The solution according to the invention also relates to the use of screws for fastening the lamella logs of a lamellar log structure to each other, wherein the lamella logs have one or more vertical lamellae to limit the field deflection and at least one horizontal lamella on both sides of one or more vertical lamellae. The screws are thus used not only to tie the logs of the lamella log structure together, but also to produce the load-bearing capacity of the log structure together with the vertical lamellae. Load-bearing screws, such as full thread screws, can be used specifically for this. In addition, the screws can be used to tighten the logs of the lamellar log structure together, in particular when positioned at the vertical lamellae. Tightening screws, such as partial thread screws, can be used specifically for this.
    In general, the invention makes it possible to form the lamellar log structure more efficiently so that the load-bearing capacity and buckling capacity of the lamellar log structure are made sufficiently large, for example to exceed certain threshold values. It is also possible to form a lamellar log structure quickly and efficiently without having to make large drillings to erect the structure, such as drilling for pipes passing through the structure. Indeed, all bores in the lamellar log structure and / or in particular bores in the vertical chambers may be less than 30 millimeters in diameter, for example less than 20 millimeters in diameter. This applies specifically to the bores required to erect the lamellar log structure, since, of course, various connecting bores 35 can still be made in the structure, such as bores in electrical cabling spaces, which can be relatively large. The bores required by the lamella log structure itself may be screws only
    20185329 prh 09 -04- 2018 pre-drilling to facilitate installation, which extends only to a part of the height of the lamella logs, for example less than 50% of the height. In practice, this can mean, for example, 11 plus / minus 0-5 centimeter 5 bores. The absence of large boreholes can significantly improve the bending, cutting and / or even slight compression capacity of a lamellar log structure. Any missing drilling can also be done afterwards on site, which can reduce the need to return the la10 logs to the factory.
    In general, the invention also facilitates the installation of a lamellar log structure, since it is sufficient that only a limited number of different types of screws are installed as fastening elements. For example, up to two types of screws can be used: one type of support screws and / or one type of tightening screws. This also reduces the possibility of errors during installation and can thus improve the uniformity of the final lamella log structure.
    The above embodiments can be applied in any combination with the lamellar log structure according to the invention. Several embodiments can be combined to form a new embodiment. In particular, the lamellar log structure according to the invention, as such or in combination with any embodiment, can be applied in connection with the above method and / or use. Also, the steps related to the formation of the lamellar log structure according to the invention can also be carried out in connection with the above-mentioned method and / or use.
    LIST OF FIGURES
    In the following, the invention will be described in detail by means of application examples with reference to the accompanying drawing, in which
    20185329 prh 09 -04- 2018
    Fig. 1 shows an embodiment of a lamella log according to the invention in a cross-sectional view seen in the longitudinal direction of the lamella log,
    Fig. 2 shows an embodiment of a lamella log structure according to the invention in a cross-sectional view seen in the longitudinal direction of the lamella log,
    Fig. 3a shows examples of fastening screws in a cross-sectional view of a lamellar log structure seen from above, and
    Fig. 3b shows a side view of an embodiment of a lamellar log structure according to the invention in a cross-sectional view.
    In the figures, corresponding reference numerals describe corresponding or at least functionally similar components.
    DETAILED DESCRIPTION
    Figure 1 shows an example of a lamella log 100 according to the invention. The figure is in a cross-sectional plane in the direction 20 of the lamella log 100, in which case it is viewed in the longitudinal direction of the lamella log 100. The lamella log 100 is formed of a plurality of lamellae 110a, 110b, 120a, 120b, which are fastened together, for example by gluing. The lamellae 110a, 110b, 120a, 120b may be substantially entirely of wood. They may be planed so that their side surfaces are substantially vertical. In particular, the lamella 110a located on the outer surface of the lamella log 100 may alternatively also have a curved side surface.
    The lamella log 100 comprises lamellae 110a, 120a cross-fastened in its transverse direction, such as cross-glued. This means that part of the lamellae
    110a, 110b are horizontal and some of the lamellae
    120a, 120b are vertical. The horizontal lamellae 110a, 110b are arranged substantially in the longitudinal direction of the lamella log 100, whereby the causes of the trees of the horizontal lamellae 110a, 110b are substantially
    20185329 prh 09 -04- 2018 in the longitudinal direction of the lamella log 100. The horizontal lamella 110a, 110b may be formed from a single piece of wood. The vertical lamella 120a, 120b can again be formed of several pieces of wood, which are fastened in parallel, for example by gluing. Thus, the horizontal lamellae 110a, 110b and the vertical lamellae 120a, 120b may be substantially equal in length. They can also be substantially equal in height, so that their upper and lower surfaces are substantially level with each other. They may still be substantially as wide as in the figure, but many other structures are possible, especially in the transverse direction of the lamella log 100.
    The lamella log 100 may comprise several lamella layers vertically. Figure 1a shows an example in which the lamella log 100 comprises exactly two lamella layers, but there may also be one or even more layers. The layers may be substantially uniform in height. Structures to be formed on the upper 20 and / or lower surfaces of the lamella log 100 such as tongues 140, 142 may be formed on the upper surface of the upper lamella 110a, 120a and / or the lower surface of the lower lamella 110b, 120b, respectively. The interface of the layers can be arranged substantially horizontally to facilitate the attachment of the layers to each other, for example by planing. The overlapping layers of one lamella log 100 can be attached to each other, for example by gluing.
    The lamella log 100 comprises in its transverse direction 30 one or more vertical lamellae 120a,
    120b. Figure 1 shows an example in which there are exactly one vertical lamellae 120a, 120b in one layer, but there may also be two or more of them, in which case there may also be other structures, such as one or more horizontal lamellae. The vertical lamellae 120a, 120b may be symmetrical with respect to the center of the lamella log 100
    20185329 prh 09 -04- 2018 to the vertical line dividing it. In particular, one vertical lamella 120a, 120b may be on this center line of the lamella log 100. If the lamella log 100 has several lamella layers 100, the vertical lamellae 120a, 120b of the overlapping layers may align to form a vertical bearing line. If the lamella log 100 has only one layer, one or more vertical lamellae 120a of this layer may as such be arranged to form one or more vertical bearing lines of the lamella log 100.
    The lamella log 100 comprises in its transverse direction two or more horizontal lamellae 110a, 110b. Figure 1 shows an example in which there are exactly two horizontal lamellae 110a, 110b in one layer, but there may also be three or more of them. In any case, there is at least one horizontal lamella 120a, 120b on each side of the vertical lamella 120a, 120b of the lamella log 100 across the lamella log 100. Either or both of these may be on the outer surface of the lamella log 100. In particular, the horizontal lamella 110a, 110b may be arranged on one or both of the outer surfaces 25 of the lamella log 100 so that the core wood of the horizontal lamella 110a, 110b opens substantially horizontally outward from the lamella log. This can strengthen the wear resistance of the outer surface. Either or both of said horizontal lamellae 110a, 110b may be immediately attached to the vertical lamellae 120a, 120b, for example by gluing.
    The lamella log 100 may have one or more tongues 140, 142 for aligning the overlapping lamella logs 100. The font 140, 142 may be arranged to substantially prevent the relative movement of the overlapping lamella logs 100 in the transverse direction of the lamella log 100. The tongue 140, 142 may extend substantially lamella16
    20185329 prh 09 -04- 2018 for the entire length of the 100 logs. The font 140, 142 may be a male tongue 140 or a female tongue 142. For example, the upper surface of the lamella log 100 may have one or more male tongs and the lower surface of the lamella log 100 may have one or more female tongues 142 corresponding to the male tongue 140. The font 140, 142 may be located 110b. For example, the horizontal lamella 110a, 110b on each side of the vertical lamella 120, 120b may each have a tongue 140, 142. These tongue horizontal lamellae 110a, 110b may further be arranged on the outer surface of the lamella log 100, as done in the solution of Figure 1. However, the fonts 140, 142 may be across the lamella log 100 in the direction 15 inside the outer surface so as to be arranged to remain hidden between the overlapping lamella logs 100. The font 140, 142 may further have space 150 for a seal, for example a groove arranged in the longitudinal direction of the lamella log. The seal space 150 may extend substantially the entire length of the lamella log 100.
    The lamella log 100 may be formed of joined pieces of wood in solid wood and may thus be substantially solid. However, the lamella log 25 may also have one or more recesses 130 for the screws. The recess 130 may be pre-drilled. The vertical lamella 120a may have its own recess 130 and / or the horizontal lamellae 110a may have their own. The recesses 130 may be substantially equal in width and / or height. However, in the vertical lamella 120a, the recess 130 may be higher than the recesses 130 in the horizontal lamellae 110a for a shorter screw. The recess 130 may be, for example, 14 to 35 millimeters in diameter plus / minus 0 to 6 millimeters. The recess 130 may be a borehole and thus relatively large, for example 30 millimeters plus / minus 0-10 millimeters shark
    20185329 prh 09 -04- 2018 from the passenger. The size of the recess 130 may also be adapted to carry cables such as electrical wires in the lamella log 100. The recess 130 may be less than 100% of the lamella height in depth, even when the lamella log 100 consists of several lamella layers. For example, in a two-layer structure, the recess may be made in one or more upper layer lamellae 110a, 120a, wherein the recess 130 may be, for example, 80% plus / minus 0-10% of the height of the upper lamella10.
    The lamella log 100 can be several meters in length. The width of the lamella log 100 may be less than half a meter, for example about 20 centimeters plus / minus 0-10 centimeters. The female height of the entire lamella log 100 may be, for example, about 27 centimeters plus / minus 0-10 centimeters, which may consist of, for example, two lamella layers. Also taken into account in the overall height are the tongues 140, 142 arranged in the overlapping lamella logs 100 to be nested. The pitch of the lamella log 100 may be slightly less than the overall height, for example 26 centimeters plus / minus 0-10 centimeters. Figure 2 shows an example of a lamellar log structure 200 according to the invention. The figure is in a cross-sectional plane of two overlapping lamella logs 100, viewed in the longitudinal direction of the lamella logs 100. The lamella log structure 200 may be closed so that separate support structures 30 extending through the lamella log structure 200 are not required. In addition to the closed lamella logs 100, the substantially closed lamella log structure 200 may comprise only screws 210, 220 and any recesses 130 made therefor. The lamella log structure 200 may further be provided with connecting structures such as electrical conductors or edge fastenings without substantially impairing the load-bearing capacity of the structure 200. However, the lamella log structure 200 may also have one or more in the horizontal plane
    20185329 prh 09 -04- 2018 a uniform wood surface extending over the entire length and width of the lamella log structure 200.
    The lamella log structure 200 may comprise a plurality of overlapping lamella logs 100, for example up to room height. The pitch of a single lamella log 100 may be, for example, 20-30 centimeters, whereby there may be more than five or even more than ten overlapping lamella logs 100 in the lamella log structure 200. The lamella logs of the lamellar log structure 200 may be substantially similar. For example, they may be of the same height and / or length. The lamella logs 100 can also be of the same width, since the load-bearing capacity of the structure 200 is provided on the one hand by the vertical lamellae 120a, 120b of the overlapping lamella logs 100 and on the other hand by the support screws 210 used for fastening the lamella logs 100.
    In the lamella log structure 200, one or more vertical lamellae 120a, 120b of the overlapping lamella logs 100 are aligned with each other so as to form one or more substantially vertical bearing lines. The load-bearing line may extend substantially the entire height of the lamella log structure 200. The lamella logs 100 are secured to each other by support screws 210 which, together with the support line 25, are adapted to support the lamella log structure 200. The support screws 210 may be provided at the horizontal lamellae 110a, 110b. They can further be arranged in the overlapping lamella logs 100 so as to form a substantially vertical bearing line. The bearing line of the load-bearing screws 210 may extend substantially the entire height of the lamella log structure 200. Thus, the horizontal lamellae 110a, 110b can also be superimposed on substantially the entire height of the lamella35 log structure 200. The bearing line of the bearing screws 210 may be formed on both sides of the bearing line of the vertical lamellae 120a, 120b, which
    20185329 prh 09 -04- 2018, the lamella log structure 200 may have three or more load-bearing lines. In particular, this can improve the buckling capacity of the lamellar log structure 200.
    The load-bearing screws 210 may be wood screws.
    In particular, they can be fully threaded screws. In full thread screws, the thread extends substantially the entire length of the screw 210. Essential to the load-bearing screws 210 is the load-bearing effect they cause on the lamella log structure 10. The load-bearing screws 210 may be conical, allowing the base to be embedded in wood, in particular in the horizontal lamella 110a. The length of the support screws 210 may substantially correspond to the height of the lamella log 100, for example it may be 50-150% of the height of the lamella log 100. For example, the length may be about 30 plus / minus 0-10 centimeters. The absence of the pre-drill 130 may increase the required length of the screw 220, for example, so that the required length is about 150% plus / minus 0-25 of the height of the lamella log 100. In practice, this can be about 40 plus / minus 0-10 centimeters. In particular, when the lamella log 100 has two layers, the length of the support screws 210 may be slightly greater than the height of the lamella log 100 so that the screws when mounted extend from the upper lamella 120a of the upper lamella log 100 to the lower lamella 120b of the lower lamella log 100. Thus, the screws 210 can also bind the lamellae 110a, 110b of the lamella log 100 to each other.
    The transverse support screws 210 of the lamella log 100 may be located concealed within the lamella log structure 200. However, the support screws 210 may be arranged as wide as possible. If the lamella log 100 has a tongue 140, 142, the supporting screw 210 can be placed, for example, on or next to the edge of the tongue 140, 142 si35, for example immediately or at a distance of not more than 1-2 centimeters.
    20185329 prh 09 -04- 2018
    The lamella logs 100 can be tightened together by tightening screws 220 arranged at one or more vertical lamellae 120a, 120b. The tightening screws 220 may be arranged in the 5 overlapping lamella logs 100 so as to form a substantially vertical line which may extend substantially over the entire height of the lamella log structure 200.
    The tightening screws 220 may be wood screws.
    In particular, they can be partial thread screws. In partial thread screws, the thread extends over only a portion of the length of the screw 220, for example, for a distance of about 50% plus / minus 0-25%. Essential to the tightening screws 220 is their tightening effect, which removes play from the bearing line of the vertical lamellae 120a, 120b. The pitch of the tightening screw 220 may be greater than the pitch of the bearing screw 210, for example 200% plus / minus 0-50% of the pitch of the bearing screw 210. The tightening screws 220 20 may have flat bases, in particular the lower surface of the base may be flat to immerse the tightening screw 220 in the surface of the vertical lamella 120a. The tightening screws 220 may also be wide-headed, in particular their base may be larger in diameter than the support screws 210. The base of the tightening screw 220 may be, for example, 18 plus / minus 0-3 millimeters. The tightening screws 220 may be shorter than the load-bearing screws 220, especially when the lamella log 100 has recesses 130 for the tightening screws 220 and, optionally, also for the support screws 210.
    For example, the length of the tightening screw 220 may be less than the height of the lamella log 100, for example, it may be 40-90% of the height of the lamella log 100. The length can be, for example, 18 plus / minus 0-10 centimeters. The absence of recesses 130 increases the required length of the screw 220, and the tightening screws 220 can then be substantially the length of the load-bearing screws 210.
    20185329 prh 09 -04- 2018
    Figure 3a shows several examples of the location of the screws 210, 220 in the lamella log structure 200. The figure is a cross-sectional view of the lamella log structure 200 seen from above. The figure shows separate positions of the screws 5 210, 220 which can be used in the same or separate embodiments of the invention. The load-bearing screws 210 are marked in the figure with circles (o) and the tightening screws 220 with markers (x). All the bearing screws 210 required to support the lamella log structure 200 may be located in the horizontal lamellae 110a, 110b. All of the tightening screws 220 required to tighten the vertical lamellae 120a, 120b of the lamella log structure 200 may in turn be located in the vertical lamellae 120a, 120b. The support screws 210 may be arranged in pairs in the transverse direction of the lamella log 100 so that the two support screws 210 are paired on the same transverse line 310 but on different sides of the vertical lamella 120a, 120b. There may be several such pairs in the longitudinal direction of the lamella log 100 and may in particular be adapted to improve the buckling capacity of the lamella log structure 200, for example so that the buckling capacity exceeds a threshold value. The longitudinal support screws 210 may be in the configuration either individually or arranged in a plurality of support screws 320. Also, for a portion or each of the support screws 210 in the group 320, a pair may be arranged on opposite sides of the vertical lamellae 120a, 120b, e.g., substantially on line 310. further improves the buckling capacity of the lamella log structure 200. The formation may have, for example, 1-5 support screws 210 in the longitudinal direction of the lamella log 100 35, whereby a group 320 comprising several screws may have, for example, 2-3 or 2-5 screws 210. The same group 320 includes support screws 210.
    20185329 prh 09 -04- 2018 vit 210 may be substantially evenly spaced. The distance between the support screws 210 within the group 320 is smaller than between the groups arranged in the longitudinal direction of the lamella log 100. The distance between them may be, for example, 5 to 10 centimeters, so that the length of the entire group 320 may be, for example, 5 to 40 centimeters when there are more screws 210 in the group 320.
    The distance 330 of successive formations in the longitudinal direction of the lamella log 100 may be, for example, 60-300 centimeters or 60-90 centimeters, where in the case of the group 320 the position is determined on the basis of its center. The distance 340 between successive tightening screws 220 may be longer than the distance between formations 340, for for tightening screws 210 it is sufficient that at least one tightening screw 210 is at most threshold distance from each formation of support screws 210 so that the tightening screw 220 also overlaps the bearing screws 210. mell logs 100 together. This threshold distance can be, for example, 50 to 100 centimeters, but in some cases up to 150 centimeters. The threshold distance is measured in the longitudinal direction of the lamella log 100 and for groups 320 it is measured relative to the outermost bearing screw 210 closest to the tightening screw 220. If the lamella log structure 200 comprises one or more groups 320, longitudinally to the first or last support screw 210 of the array 30 320 or between the first and last support screws 210.
    The tightening screw 220 can also be arranged on the transverse line 310 35 of the bearing screws 210 or at the above-mentioned threshold distance from this line 310. This ensures that the overlapping lamella logs 100 are also opposed to the bearing screws 100.
    20185329 prh 09 -04- 2018 at 210, but especially in the line 310, it is also possible that both the tightening screw 220 and the load-bearing screws 210 can be recessed in one bore using one of the 5 multi-blade drill units. However, the tightening screws 220 may also be separate from the line 310.
    Figure 3b shows an example of a lamella log structure 200 in a cross-sectional view of a longitudinal and vertical house of the lamella logs 100. It is possible to position the support screws 210 and / or the tightening screws 220 in the vertical direction of the lamella log structure 200 in a line 350a, 350b, 360a, 360b or lines. Particularly in the case of the bearing screws 210, this makes it possible to form one or more bearing lines 350b, 15 360b. Vertical lines 350a,
    350b, 360a, 360b are indicated in the figure by dashed lines, the line of which has not been drawn at screws 210, 220 for the sake of clarity.
    As shown, the vertical line, here 20 the first vertical line 350a, 350b, can be formed so that each lamella log 100 has only one screw 210, 220 at the first vertical line 350a, 350b. The overlapping lamella logs 100b, 100c can thus be connected in pairs by one screw 210, 25. 220 so that each lamella log 100b, 100c is connected on the first vertical line 350a, 350b by a screw 210, 220 in only one direction, i.e. either downwards or upwards. The pair may be arranged on one or more pairs of lamellar logs 100d, 100e, which are also connected in pairs on the first vertical line 350a, 350b by a screw 210, 220. However, the upper pair 100b, 100c is not connected on the first vertical line 350a, 350b to the lower pair 100d, 100e, but the overlapping pairs are connected to each other 35 by screws 210, 220 placed from the first vertical line 350a, 350b to the second one
    For vertical line 360a, 360b. Second vertical line 360a, 360
    20185329 prh 09 -04- 2018 may be lateral to the first vertical line 350a, 350b at least in the longitudinal direction of the lamella log 100, which may also improve the buckling capacity of the lamella log structure 200. The lamella logs 100 on the second vertical line 360a, 5 360b can also be connected in pairs so that each lamella log 100 has only one screw 210, 220 at the second vertical line 360a, 360b. The fastening arrangement shown in Fig. 3b can also be described so that the overlapping lamella logs 100 are in a lamellar log structure. 200 connected to each other in pairs in two separate vertical lines, i.e. in the first vertical line 350a, 350b and in the second vertical line 360a, 360b, so that the screws 210, 220 are located in these vertical lines flowing in the vertical direction of the lamellar log structure 200. In principle, it is also possible to place the screws 210, 220 in more than two vertical lines alternately. In one vertical line, the screws 210, 220 are always of the same type, i.e. the load-bearing screws 210 or the tightening screws 20 and 220.
    The distance between the first vertical line 350a, 350b and the second vertical line 360a, 360b may be, for example, less than 60 to 150 centimeters. It may be at least 7 times the diameter of one of the support screws 210, which may be, for example, about 8 millimeters plus / minus 0-2 millimeters. The first vertical line 350a, 350b and / or the second vertical line 360a, 360b may extend substantially the entire height of the lamella log structure 200. The second vertical line 360a, 360b may be substantially in the longitudinal line of the lamella log 100 with the first vertical line 350a, 350b.
    It can also be seen from Figure 3b that if recesses 130, such as pre-drillings, have been made in the lamella logs 100, the recesses 130 may be in the overlapping lamella logs 100 at different points, for example in vertical lines such as the first vertical line.
    350a, 350b and / or at the second vertical line 360a, 360b.
    In general, the tightening screws 220 can be mounted on a single lamella log 100 before the load-bearing screws 210, which ensures that there is no slack in the load-bearing screws 210 as well. This can be done, for example, by installing all the tightening screws 220 of one lamella log 100 before any bearing screw 210, or at least so that each future formation of the bearing screws 210 of the lamella log 100 is installed only after the lamella log 100 is mounted at a maximum distance from the seat. tightening screw 220.
    The invention is not limited solely to the application examples presented above, but many modifications are possible while remaining within the scope of the inventive idea defined by the claims. 20
    权利要求:
    Claims (16)
    [1]
    20185329 prh 09 -04- 2018
    A lamella log structure (200) comprising a plurality of horizontal superimposed lamellae
    5 logs (100), characterized in that the lamella logs (100) have one or more vertical lamellae (120a, 120b) for limiting the deflection of the lamella log structure (200), and
    10 at least one horizontal lamella (110a, 110b) on each side of one or more vertical lamellae (120a, 120b), and in that the lamella logs (100) are fastened to each other by first screws (210) which together with the vertical lamellae (120a, 120b) is adapted to support a lamellar log structure (200).
    [2]
    Lamellar log according to claim 1
    20 a structure (200) wherein said first screws (210) are arranged to fasten said at least one horizontal lamellae (110a, 110b) of overlapping lamella logs (100) to each other on either side of one or more vertical lamellae (120a, 120b).
    [3]
    A lamella log structure according to claim 2, wherein said horizontal lamellae (110a, 110b) have one or more tongues (140, 142) and said first screws
    30 (210) is arranged on or adjacent to the inner edge of the tongue (140, 142).
    [4]
    A lamellar log structure (200) according to claim 2 or 3, wherein said first screws (210) are full thread screws.
    A lamellar log structure (200) according to any one of claims 2 to 4, wherein said first screws (210) for said one or more
    20185329 prh 09 -04- 2018 on opposite sides of the vertical lamella (120a, 120b) are arranged in pairs on the same substantially transverse line (310) of the lamella log (100).
    [5]
    5
    [6]
    A lamella log structure (200) according to any one of claims 5, wherein said vertical lamellae (120a, 120b) of the overlapping lamella logs (100) are clamped together by second screws (220) arranged on said line (310) or spaced from the nearest said line (310). 310) is not more than 50 cm in the longitudinal direction of the lamella log (100).
    [7]
    A plate according to any one of claims 1 to 6.
    15 a log structure (200), wherein said first screws (210) are arranged in the longitudinal direction of the lamella logs (100) at 60-300 cm intervals.
    [8]
    Late according to any one of claims 1 to 7
    20 a log structure (200), wherein said first screws (210) are arranged in the longitudinal direction of the lamella logs (100) in one or more groups (320) of 2-6 screws.
    [9]
    A plate according to any one of claims 1 to 5.
    A beam log structure (200), wherein said one or more vertical lamellae (120a, 120b) of overlapping lamella logs (100) are clamped together by second screws (220).
    [10]
    A lamella according to claim 6 or 9
    30 a log structure (200), wherein said second screws are partial thread screws (220).
    [11]
    A lamella log structure (200) according to any one of claims 6, 9 or 10, wherein said second screws (220) are arranged in a lamella log
    35 sponges (100) in the longitudinal direction at 60-300 cm intervals.
    20185329 prh 09 -04- 2018
    [12]
    A lamella log structure (200) according to any one of claims 1 to 11, wherein the lamella logs (100) consist of three or more lamellae in the transverse direction, with the horizontal lamellae (110a, 110b) at the outermost and the vertical lamellae (120a, 120b) in the middle.
    [13]
    A lamellar log structure (200) according to any one of claims 1 to 12, wherein the lamellar logs consist of two or more
    10 of the lamellae (110a, 110b, 120a, 120b).
    [14]
    A lamella log structure (200) according to any one of claims 1 to 13, wherein the lamella logs (100) have pre-drilled recesses (130) for screws (210, 220).
    [15]
    15. A method of forming a lamellar log structure (200), the method comprising superimposing horizontal lamella logs (100), characterized in that the lamella logs (100) are provided with
    20 one or more vertical lamellae (120a, 120b) for limiting the deflection of the lamella log structure (200) and at least one horizontal lamella (110a, 110b) on either side of one or more vertical lamellae (120a, 120b), and in the method the lamella logs (100) are fastened together by first with screws (210) which, together with the vertical lamellae 30 (120a, 120b), are adapted to support the lamella log structure (200).
    [16]
    Use of screws (210) for fastening the lamella logs (100) to a lamella log structure (200), wherein the lamella logs (100) have
    35 one or more vertical lamellae (120a, 120b) for limiting the deflection of the log structure (200) and at least one horizontal lamellae (110a, 110b) on each side of the one or more vertical lamellae (120a, 120b),
    5 and the screws (210) together with the vertical lamellae (120a, 120b) are adapted to support the lamella log structure (200).
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    EP3553243A1|2019-10-16|
    FI129236B|2021-10-15|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    EP0226567A3|1985-12-16|1988-07-27|Wolfgang Pol Joseph Verraes|Built-up wooden sectional beam for the erection of loadbearing walls, and walls erected with such sectional beams|
    FI126679B|2015-05-29|2017-03-31|Oy Primapoli Ltd|Timber construction that does not sit|
    法律状态:
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    EP19167747.5A| EP3553243A1|2018-04-09|2019-04-08|Laminated log structure, method and use|
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